The Temporal Paradox of Evolution in the Origins of Birds
The Temporal Paradox of Evolution in the Origins of Birds:
📍The temporal paradox is considered one of the most important dilemmas facing the alleged evolutionary origins of entire groups of species, especially birds, as the fossils of primitive fossil birds appear very recently in relation to the Darwinian hypothesis and early in relation to their supposed ancestors (theropod dinosaurs). This contradicts Darwinian gradualism and evolutionary hypotheses.
📍Ornithologist Alan Feduccia presented this dilemma, called the chronological paradox, in two scientific papers:
🔗 https://doi.org/10.2307/4089261
🔗 https://doi.org/10.2307/4089261
📍Currently, in recent technical papers and contemporary fossil discoveries, the dilemma is becoming more acute and its calamities are piling up on evolutionary hypotheses. New discoveries published in the journal PLOS ONE have revealed bird-like forms that predate the lesser theropods, with many of the finds providing strong evidence for the presence of birds before their supposed ancestors.
🔗 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0293021
📍In brief, they found: bird-like footprints from the Upper Triassic in Lesotho, South Africa, which are at least 210 million years old, showing and demonstrating a morphological pattern very similar to birds. As commentator Nield (2023) acknowledges: “These footprints are somewhat enigmatic: fossils of even the oldest ancestors of birds do not appear for another 60 million years.”
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https://doi.org/10.2307/4089261
The Origin and Evolution of Birds
The Origin and Evolution of Birds, The Auk, Volume 114, Issue 3, 1 July 1997, Pages 531–534, https://doi.org/10.2307/4089261
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https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0293021
The oldest fossil bird-like footprints from the upper Triassic of s…
Footprint morphology reflects the anatomy of the trackmaker’s foot and is direct evidence for the animal’s behaviour. Consequently, fossil tracks can be used to infer ancient diversity, ethology, and evolutionary trends. This is particularly useful for deep-time intervals during which the early history of an animal group is reliant upon limi…
Kufrcleaner Library 📚 - 『⚛』evolution-criticism - The Temporal Paradox of Evolution in the Origins of Birds_ [1389852998934593596].txt_Files\image-1703d96e0b2e4140
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Mysterious Bird-Like Footprints in Africa Predate The Existence of …
Researchers have been taking a closer look at some bird-like footprint fossils in Africa, stretching back some 210 million years.
How did Darwinism patch up this blatant contradiction to evolutionary hypotheses? They say there are ghosts in the fossil record — yeah I’m kidding, they say there’s a “ghost lineage” where there’s some supposed ancestor in the lineage of species from which bird-like species branched off, allowing them to exist in the wrong place in the fossil record 🤣
📍The problem with this rash patchwork is that it makes evolution fundamentally unfalsifiable and fails to meet one of the most important criteria for scientific acceptance: falsifiability. It’s easy to understand observations that contradict Darwinian gradualism by invoking this hypothesis. Furthermore, a reliable scientific explanation involves making predictions that necessarily verify a connection between explanation and observation, since the falsity of the necessary entails the falsity of the required.
📍This is what we don’t find here with evolution, where we pose:
Q: Finding patterns in the chronological progression of fossils for species.
P: Evolution of species with evidence — the availability of patterns and observations in the fossil record.
Considering the entailment between the two propositions: P⇒Q
And considering that what entails falsehood is false, then:
P (A): obtains ~Q.
P (B): From (A) we obtain P ~
By (A) and (B) we have the entailment relation: ~Q ⇒ ~P
This does not occur by taking into account the previous evolutionary patchwork represented by the phantom lineage.
📕From the above, we see that the evolutionist has two options:
📕Either he does not accept the hypothesis of the phantom lineage, in which case evolution is refuted.
📕Or he accepts it, in which case evolution becomes unfalsifiable and does not meet the requirements of a reliable scientific explanation.
Hence, congratulations, evolution is not a reliable scientific theory.
📚 Scientific References:
(1) Feduccia A 1994. The Great Dinosaur Debate. Living Bird Quarterly 13(4), 28–33.
(2) The Origin and Evolution of Birds, The Auk, Volume 114, Issue 3, 1 July 1997, Pages 531–534.
🔗 https://doi.org/10.2307/4089261
(3) Abrahams M & Bordy EM 2023. The oldest fossil bird-like footprints from the upper Triassic of southern Africa. PLoS ONE 18(11):
🔗 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0293021
(4) Nield D 2023. Mysterious Bird-Like Footprints in Africa Predate The Existence of Birds. ScienceAlert December 4, 2023.
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https://doi.org/10.2307/4089261
The Origin and Evolution of Birds
The Origin and Evolution of Birds, The Auk, Volume 114, Issue 3, 1 July 1997, Pages 531–534, https://doi.org/10.2307/4089261
{Embed}
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0293021
The oldest fossil bird-like footprints from the upper Triassic of s…
Footprint morphology reflects the anatomy of the trackmaker’s foot and is direct evidence for the animal’s behaviour. Consequently, fossil tracks can be used to infer ancient diversity, ethology, and evolutionary trends. This is particularly useful for deep-time intervals during which the early history of an animal group is reliant upon limi…
Solve it, evolutionists: Either evolution is refuted or it is not a science.😌