Citrate Digesting Bacteria (E Coli
https://discord.com/channels/1310948573768319047/1389469701725360158
One of the failed examples that atheists promote as evidence of the emergence of mutations accompanying new information: ★ Citrate-digesting bacteria (E-coli): This experiment was conducted by Richard Lenski on intestinal bacteria (E-coli). The explanation of the experiment is simple: If bacteria have glucose or citrate in front of them, which one will they use as food? If the bacteria are in a place with oxygen, the bacteria feed on glucose, and do not feed on citrate, because they have the necessary transporters to introduce glucose across their membrane, and they do not have the necessary transporters to introduce citrate. Richard Lenski put these bacteria in laboratory tubes, supplied them with glucose and citrate, and placed them in an environment with oxygen. It is natural for them to feed on glucose only. However, the bacteria in one group, after many years, grew rapidly, faster than the rest of the other tubes. He found that the bacteria were able to digest citrate. Do you know what the evolutionists said? They said that these were new mutations that added information to digest citrate. And so over millions of years, they will evolve not only to be able to feed on citrate, but they will produce complete organisms, and they went around wandering, and they published that it is direct evidence of evolution, and they published in several magazines that evolution is happening before our eyes, as published in New Scientist magazine and others…
https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn14094-bacteria-make-major-evolutionary-shift-in-the-lab/
And after they flew with joy, until the owner of the experiment himself published in Nature magazine what happened to the bacteria:
https://www.nature.com/articles/nature11514
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Dramatic Video Shows Bacteria Evolving Drug Resistance as You Watch
Scientists have created an amazingly dramatic (and slightly terrifying video) of bacteria evolving drug resistance right before your eyes.
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https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn14094-bacteria-make-major-evolutionary-shift-in-the-lab/
Bacteria make major evolutionary shift in the lab
A major evolutionary innovation has unfurled right in front of researchers’ eyes. It’s the first time evolution has been caught in the act of making such a rare and complex new trait. And because the species in question is a bacterium, scientists have been able to replay history to show how this evolutionary novelty grew …
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https://www.nature.com/articles/nature11514
Genomic analysis of a key innovation in an experimental Escherichia…
Nature - It has been suggested that small evolutionary steps pave the way for more major evolutionary leaps — in a combination of Darwinian gradualism and saltationism — but mechanistic…
Tandem duplication that captured an aerobically expressed promoter for the expression of a previously silent citrate transporter. Gene duplication that acquired a promoter that is activated in the presence of oxygen to produce a citrate transporter that was already present but inactive. In short: The bacteria adapted and copied the citrate transporter gene between genes that are read in the presence of oxygen after the promoter so that the citrate transporter gene can be read in the absence of oxygen. They produced citrate transporters. Now the bacteria have captured citrate. Will they act randomly? Absolutely not. All the enzymes needed to utilize citrate are already present in gut bacteria. As epigenetic studies have also shown, natural factors affect the way genetic information is read, activating previously dormant traits or suppressing previously activated traits.
https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/view/PRJNA188723
In the end, not a single functional protein was produced.
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https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/view/PRJNA188723
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